The Economic Impact of Casino Gambling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Economic Impact of Casino Gambling - Essay Example Person 1 says that casino gambling is licensed, monitored and controlled by the local government or state. As a result, earnings made by casino operators are taxed, over and above payments made for license fees. The local government or the state further uses the tax revenue to run public projects that are healthy for economic growth and development. Fiscal and social costs are the second impact that was highlighted by Person 2. He linked casino gambling to the realization of externalities in the society. While there are positive externalities that relate to gaming and entertainment, Person 2 pointed out a number of social costs in relation to casino gambling. These are: crime, business and employment costs such as lost time on the job, bankruptcy, suicide, illness, direct regulatory costs, family costs such as child neglect and abuse, and abused dollars (Walker, 2010). Person 3 considered the extent to which casino gambling complements other sectors in the economy. Many casino gambling points attract locals and foreigners, many of whom are domestic and international tourists. Casino activities therefore boost tourism, and further extend the underlying benefits to sectors that deal with manufactured products, transport and communication among others. In other words, casino gambling encompasses more than just gaming and entertainment. Person 4 evaluated the effect of casino gambling on state lotteries. The main argument in this point is that gambling is harmful to state lottery. Local governments and states raise significant revenues from lotteries. However, the casino gambling effect on lotteries is negative. Due to low participant activity as compared to casinos, many lottery players are turning to casino gambling. Casinos are also characterized by rapid money exchange, a scenario that exacerbates the need to play. Revenue generation from lotteries therefore decrease as casino gambling increase. Diversity in local government or

Treatment of Folk Illnesses Essay Example for Free

Treatment of Folk Illnesses Essay The world offers every people a chance to be sick due to some of the outside factors that can harm someone else’s health. There are hazards for the lungs like pollution and for the stomach which are the bacteria and microorganisms that are prevalent everywhere. Even with the body parts of a human being, one can already find some threats that can cause cholera or diarrhea in their faces or hands where there is staphylococcal party if not reproduction their colonies. Of course regarding some diseases, there are many classical methods that the old people think would help cure these hazards to health. There are also many documents that support the researchers’ views about the different ways our ancestors deal with their sicknesses before. Using the reference mentioned below, we can see that there are already developments in our ancestors’ way of thinking that they are devising strategies in order to cure their own illnesses by the naturally occurring cures that can be seen elsewhere then. Say, garlic is used to treat hypertension and oregano is used as an expectorant which I think is still effective until today. The concept of having a set of ready to pick and ready-made medicines gave the early people especially in Mexico that whatever disease they might be getting in the atmosphere or environment is curable and can easily be neglected after some time. However for this mind set, there might be some difficulties and disadvantages given that we already have technological diseases also. These conditions can be from the improvement and development of the facilities that we are using nowadays. The causes of disease in the present time are from complex matters such as chemical intoxication and suffocation due to the complexity of course of the activities we do everyday. These diseases might not be cured immediately by the set of the native way our old fellows treat their conflicts or struggles regarding their health. As what is already mentioned, the use of garlic as antibiotic is still useful. In fact the safety of using it was ranked with three positive signs, however, for extreme reasons, a bulb of garlic will not be enough to lower the blood pressure of a person. Hence, medical treatment is already needed in order to provide the patient the right medication and avoid the risk of killing him/her. For all we know, hypertension is also related with heart attack and some fatal heart disease. If in case there are some patients who got their diseases using the folk style of treating illnesses, it is still important that the doctor will have a set of explanations that will make the patient understand wholeheartedly that the old way of seeking for cure is not effective with their diseases. There should be some ready-answers so that the doctor will find it easy to make them understand and appreciate the modern way of curing. It will also be helpful if the doctor will be very careful of delivering the message to the patient not offending their traditions on using some herbs to medicate them. The patient in turn should be ready to accept the information a doctor might give him/her since he/she in the first place consulted or chose to seek for a doctor’s help. Health is an important aspect in a human’s life. It is a source of the driving force of every man that will enable them to pursue each day with joy and gladness. Folk style medication is as good as the modern medicine as long as people who use it understand how it works and how it is applied with every single disease corresponding to one substance or case. But as what many doctors say, it is really better to seek advice from experts who have already studied the concepts, what-about’s, how-about’s and where-about’s of different diseases. We might be harmed by the hearsays since the folk concepts are being transferred from a generation to another generation that there is a high possibility of misinformation and the like. It is a good thing we give attention to what our ancestors have given and developed, and good as it is, we are able to have doctors, scientists and nurses that modified, developed and improved our knowledge about our health enabling us to become healthier people. Reference Nancy Neff. Folk Medicine in Hispanics in the Southwestern United States. Retrieved 6 February 2008 from http://www.rice.edu/projects/HispanicHealth/Courses/mod7/mod7.html

The impact of reverse logistics in retail industry

The impact of reverse logistics in retail industry 1. Background In todays business world, Companies are looking for ways to improve there businesses by reducing costs, and improving labour efficiency. This enables the companies to implement supply chain management into the business. Supply chain management is a process which binds and links the entire process from supplying a product until it gets delivered to the end customer. Reverse logistics is a very essential process which is included in the supply chain management process. Reverse logistics is the process which involves planning, implementing, cost effective flow of stocks and machinery, finished goods, in-process inventory and related information from the point of supplying to the point of final consumption. Remanufacturing and refurbishing are the two vital aspects of reverse logistics which helps in reutilisation and reselling of a product. It also involves recycling of programs, machinery fault or similar asset problems. Few more terms, often used with reverse logistics are: Reconditio ning the machinery when it is not performing up to its mark, repairing it and then using it again. Refurbishing is working on the same product and enhancing and changing it from inside completely. Remanufacturing is similar to refurbishing but may require completely disassembling the product. Reselling is done after one or more of the above three. Recycling happens only when the product is not in condition where it can be worked on like reconditioning, refurbishing, remanufacturing so as to resell it. Reverse logistics is also about keeping the environment healthy by not disposing too much waste, reducing the waste particles or reusing them. 2. Literature Review According to the Reverse Logistics Executive Council, reverse logistics is â€Å"the process of planning, implementing, and controlling the efficient, cost effective flow of raw materials, in-process inventory, finished goods and related information from the point of consumption to the point of origin for the purpose of recapturing value or proper disposal† (Xiaoming Li, Festus Olorunniwo, 2008).   The reverse material movement from end customers to suppliers has received much less attention (Rogers and Tibben-Lembke, 2001).   Most returned products are processed to put back to shelf. Two alternative waste management policies are studied and compared. The first policy deals with the recovery chain, that is, the flow of used products from consumers to recovery facilities. The second policy deals with the disposal chain, in which used products are carried to landfills (Murphy, P R. and Poist, R F.2003).There exists a range of ordered sequencing that different companies adopt depending on which activities are engaged in by the firm. Most of the companies set up their processes based on some knowledge of materials flows: inbound receiving, sorting, testing, storing, and outbound shipping. Different products may go through different routes; same products with different types of damages also may undergo different operations. Companies have operational procedures for machine centres; however, returns flows among machine centres are informal in many cases or many factors are not considered (Trebilcock, 2002).   Using the information, we develop a generic returns process flow by integrating various broad factors: demand, package and product conditions, test and repair, secondary market, vendor, charity giving, recycle, and disposal. Now a days, managers reactions were not quite strong as to whether recycling materials that are un-useable generate considerable revenues or if channel clearing considerably reduces obsolete items inventory, and if repaired item s yield reasonable profits in secondary markets. These set of responses are quite surprising because they are contrary to observations from the experiences reported in the trade literature (Reese, 2005). Murphy and Posit (2000) have reported that recycling of materials, reducing consumption and reusing materials are the three most commonly utilized green logistics strategies. Design for recycling (DFR) has become an important dimension for some manufacturers in the recent times (Masanet, 2002).   The ultimate goal of reverse logistics programs is to produce reverse logistics. Resource reduction refers to the minimisation of materials used in a product and the minimization of waste and energy achieved through the design of more environmentally efficient products (Carterand Ellram, 1998).   The increase of eco-efficiency leads to reverse logistics activities in the firm. The outcomes of the eco-efficiency calculations will help authorities in formulating criteria for collection of disposed products and in monitoring end-of-life performance of take-back systems (Huisman, 2002).   Companies must recognize that reverse logistics has become an important source of opportunity for improving visibility and profitability and lowering costs across the supply chain.   Reverse logistics offers an opportunity for improving visibility and profitability while lowering costs across the supply chain. A reverse logistics system will enable us to plan in advance, often as early as the design process, the way to handle returns efficiently and ways this can most effectively feed into the product design plan. Returns provide a revenue generating opportunity via value recapture- return, refurbish, recycle. Sophisticated returns automation systems enable you to leverage a products value by quickly placing it in another product for resale before values depreciate (Anderson, Pat, 2009).   Formerly, firms have been spending significant time and money in improving their forward supply chains while ignoring their potential reverse supply chains. However, in todays competitive business environment, it is important that firms study the profitability and benefits of implementing a reverse supply chain while considering the uncertainties   associated with the supply and composition of used products, disassembly time, recycling or remanufacturing time, and demand for recycled or remanufactured goods(Pochampally, Kishore K. Gupta, Surendra M., Dhakar, Tej S,2009). Few research studies have published specific empirical data regarding the reverse logistics practices of companies.   This multi-stage study employed interviews, site visits, and a mail survey to collect responses from 230 members of the Warehousing Education and Research Council (WERC) regarding their reverse logistics practices.   Results suggest that in spite of the growing importance of reverse logistics, few executives have product return processing as their primary responsibility and often u ndertake this activity along with other job responsibilities.   Most firms handle the product returns process themselves and typically within the same facilities that handle forward logistics. Returning items directly to stock, repackaging and returning to stock, and selling as scrap, were the three top disposition options employed by firms.   Results indicate that, contrary to general understanding, the majority of retailers and wholesalers reported a recovery rate of over 75% of product cost (James R. Stock and Jay P. Mulki, 2009).   If a firm is not able to resell the items, they often end up in land fills, or perhaps recycled. Also, the profit margins could be lower for the manufacturer because in addition to the refurbishing cost, the product often must be sold at a lower price. In view of this, manufacturers desire to maximize profits often dictates the proportion of product that gets refurbished (Vorasayan and Ryan 2006).   Retailer emphasis on training customers in t he proper use of their products which can help in improving customer relations as well as decreasing costs of product returns. Retailers can help a great deal by initial sorting and by making decisions on processing versus returning to manufacturer. This could reduce the uncertainty in the timing and quality of returns that has been blamed for the unpredictability of reconditioning and refurbishing returned products (Guide and Van Wassenhove, 2002).   A reverse logistics flow is much more active, with much less visibility. Retail stores like primark do not initiate reverse logistics activity as a result of planning and decision making on the part of the firm but in response to actions by consumers or downstream channel members.   When a customer returns an item to a retail store, the store collects the items to be sent to a centralized sorting facility.   At the time of return, information about the item and its condition may be entered into the retail stores information syste m, and forwarded to the returns processing centre (Ronald S. Tibben-Lembke and Dale S. Rogers, 2002).   3. Research questions Do you typically return a whole system, or rather just a subset of components, and where should the items go next?   What is the importance of reverse logistics in cost reduction? How reverse logistics influence environmental and social retail environment? How to improve supply chain management with the help of reverse logistics? How to encourage customer loyalty using reverse logistics? 4. Expected Contributions Primark, is a well known retail stores were people do a purchase in bulk due to its low prices.   Demand is changing with a high pace; customer may like something today and something else tomorrow and to keep up with this pace organizations need to adopt returns management. For a clothes store like Primark, which go as per the market demand, they need to update themselves with time as customers these days are all looking for style, current trends and so on. This isnt easy to predict, no one can really forecast what is in today and out tomorrow, this is where returns management comes in picture. A company should know how to reuse or resell by doing some refurbishment. Retail stores and even other suppliers have exchange policies or payback policies which provides customer with an ease of exchanging goods and supplies, once these items are returned, it then goes to production houses for refurbishment or to see what can be done with them in order to reuse or resell them. Organizations in order to survive the competition and to maintain a good customer relationship have to be good at exchange policies and need to shorten the time from accepting the returns to the actual supplier so that they can reduce the operational costs and increase profitability. The important task of management is to mind the gap between returning of products till the time it reaches the supplier; this plays an important role in reducing the costs and increasing the profitability. Keeping the customers happy is the only source of income, so satisfying all they need is really very important. A recent case study implies that Primark is looking for a solution which would facilitate an increase in its volumes which were projected to grow by 30% per annum- from 45,000 cartons daily to levels of 100,000 by 2010. 5. Methodology 5.1 The research method This piece of study or investigation emphasizes more on the utilisation of the reverse logistics approach in retail business like that of renowned store primark. The investigation consists of field as well as desk study. The field study will be done on evaluating companys annual turnover, sales and collection of relevant data via companys website, conducting interviews with various decision makers of concerned departments. Desk study or research will consider examining literature collected via the website of the retail store, retail industries journals, press, statistics and magazines and other media sources. 5.2The concept of interview An analytical study via interview will be conducted for the collection of primary data. The concept is to evaluate the validity and implementation of current reverse logistical operations in the retail business of primark.   Interviews are particularly useful for getting the story behind a participants experiences. The interviewer can pursue in-depth information around the topic. Interviews may be useful as follow-up to certain respondents to questionnaires, e.g., to further investigate their responses (McNamara,1999). The qualitative research interview seeks to describe and the meanings of central themes in the life world of the subjects. The main task in interviewing is to understand the meaning of what the interviewees say(Kvale,1996). 5.3 Interviews The store manager of primark. The manager of marketing department. The manager of finance department. 6. Proposed study timetable Period Aim Task Duration (days) February, 2010 -March, 2010 Collect key principles and research strategic data Finding relevant literatures and evaluating it, online survey methods, interpreting research questions. 15 March, 2010 April, 2010 First meeting with supervisor Finalizing the benchmark of the research area. Discuss the coursework and the research subject of the dissertation. 15 April, 2010 May, 2010 Utilisation of resources Strategic and Statistical analysis of the data and writing the output. 25 May, 2010 July, 2010 Analysing and justifying key findings Interpreting and formulating the relevancy of the collected data for making the supreme structure. 55 July, 2010 Second meeting with supervisor Following the guidelines of the supervisor step by step and implementing the necessary changes to be made. 25 August, 2010 Third meeting with supervisor Fully utilising the resources in-order to follow the concept and application. Completing   the initial draft and heading towards next step. 25 September, 2010 Final meeting with supervisor Finishing the remaining part and Submitting the two copies with a CD of softcopy on 24th September, 2010. 10 7. Resource Implications It would be more helpful to make the use of newsletters, online forum, regular meetings through events, telephonic calls. All this is done to analyze the data and to know how often does primark change its outstanding stocks on the shelves, check the unsold stock to avoid wastage in-order to make improvements in the reverse logistics processes. The presence of application system is important now-a-days in order to maintain and analyze the huge amount of data collected through staff meetings. 8. Evaluation It is quite clear that in the future, more firms will lavish considerable attention on reverse logistics. Many firms have only become aware of the importance of reverse logistics relatively, and have yet to realize the strategic importance of reverse logistics.

Examine the reasons for changes in the educational attainment of males

Examine the reasons for changes in the educational attainment of males and females in recent years (20 marks) For the past recent years girls have significantly outperformed boys in educational attainment and this is due to a number of factors. The GCSE results for 2000 and 2001 shows the degree to which the percentage of girls achieving grades A*-C exceeded that of boys. In 2002, 62.4% of female GCSE entrants achieved grades A*-C, compared with 53.4% of males. Research published in 2003 shows that the gap between girls and boys widens as they grow older. The most recent barrier which is being broken down is that of university entry. The most recent official figures for a gender breakdown in university admission are from 2001. These show that while 43% of all young people entered higher education, the figure for girls was 46.7% and for boys 40.4% Joan Gannod drew a number of conclusions as to why this was. One reason is for the ‘lad culture’ that resides in numerous schools. The attitude that school is â€Å"uncool†, an anti-social culture working against learning. Keith Shipman and Keith Hicks identified that the presence of friends in a group make you work less. That boys saw looking cool as being more important than being studious. Also, Paul Willis identified that working class boys were much susceptible to this as it was the middle class values that were prized in the classroom via the hidden curriculum which influenced the boys into working against the education system. Another theorist, Peter Woods In The Divided School (1979) argued that boys are more concerned with the approval of their peer group than the approval of their teachers. Another further reason is the lack of role models for boys, p... ...he number of girls expressing professional career hopes such as doctors, lawyers, scientists, etc. Sharpe has argued that these changes in attitudes towards marriage and work are factors in explaining why girls are performing better at school than they were twenty years ago. I think that the interactionist perspective for example, Peter Woods is successful in theory, as he believes that it provides information which could lead to better teaching and a reduction in conflict and deviance within schools however this Marxist approach has its limitations and its main focus is from a macro perspective and does not appear to focus on each individual. The relative uniformity of meanings that lie behind what counts as knowledge and ability, suggests that such meanings are not simply constructed in the classroom but rather they have a wider and fundamental basis.

Electronic Media Essay

Electronic media  are  media  that use  electronics  or  electromechanical  energy for the  end user  (audience) to access the content. This is in contrast to static media (mainly  print media), which are most often  created electronically, but don’t require electronics to be accessed by the end user in the  printed  form. The primary electronic media sources familiar to the general public are better known as  video recordings,  audio recordings,  multimedia presentations,  slide presentations,  CD-ROM  and  Online  Content. Most  new media  are in the form of  digital media. However, electronic media may be in either  analog  or  digital  format. Although the term is usually associated with content recorded on a  storage medium, recordings are not required for live  broadcasting  and  online networking. Any equipment used in the  electronic communication  process (e. g. television,  radio,  telephone,  desktop computer,  game console,  handheld device) may also be considered electronic media. USES : Electronic media are ubiquitous in most of the developed world. As of 2005, there are reports of satellite receivers being present in some of the most remote and inaccessible regions of China. Electronic media devices have found their way into all parts of modern life. The term is relevant to  media ecology  for studying its impact compared to printed media and broadening the scope of understanding media beyond a simplistic aspect of media such as one delivery platform (e. g. the World Wide Web) aside from many other options.

Bottle ecosystem lab report Essays

Bottle ecosystem lab report Essays Bottle ecosystem lab report Paper Bottle ecosystem lab report Paper Finally we are going to have a baby! (To the King) Narrator: In the month of May, the night of the full moon, Queen Amah Maya gave birth to her son. King: (To the Wise Men) What should we name our baby boy? Wise Men: Your son shall be named Standards, meaning he shall be the one whose wishes will be fulfilled. Be cautious however, this means that if the Prince sees a dead, old, sick person, or a monk, he will give up his wealth to become a monk himself. Narrator: The city rejoiced over the birth of their new Prince. Sadly, two days after vying him life, Queen Amah Maya died. King: (Sobbing) My beautiful wife is dead! I mustnt let my son become a monk! (To Paragraph) Please, you are the sister to my wife. You must help me raise my son. Paragraph: (To the Prince) My baby, my baby! How beautiful you are! You look so much like your mama! I will raise you to become the healthiest, happiest and smartest child in your class. Narrator: And that she did. Shattered was considered popular amongst his friends for always being so considerate to all life. Shattered: (To the animals) Whos a good rabbit? Want an apple? (Squirrel yelps) Shattered: Oh no! What are you squealing about?! Youre not hurt! Dont be upset, youre okay, youre okay. (Shattered notices a boy beating a snake in the distance) Boy: Take that snake! Ha ha! Shattered: Stop it stop it! The snake is living too, for he has feelings just as you and I do! Narrator: The Prince took it upon himself to be the animal advocate and defend their lives.

Alcohol should be made illegal once again essays

Alcohol should be made illegal once again essays Alcohol should be made illegal once again Alcohol is the worst drug, yet alcohol is the easiest drug to get because it is a legal substance. The usage of alcohol has been a controversial issue through out the American history. Beginning in the 1900s, alcohol was looked upon as evil, but is currently legal to use. Even though many people want alcohol to be an illegal drug, other people believe that it should remain legal to adults who are twenty-years of age or older. Furthermore people use the fact that alcohol positively helps the economy, while the opposite side views legalized alcohol as a life threatening drug which obviously is a negative affect. Most people who consume alcohol use it as a source of relaxation or entertainment, but consequently, consuming alcohol can lead to a life threatening disease, alcoholism. In the past, I used to consume alcohol almost on a daily basis, until I realized that it was holding me back from doing certain things like focusing on my education, arriving on time at my job, and having fun without drinking the alcohol. I believe that alcohol should be banned by law to all people because there are so many negative affects that are caused by the drug alcohol. Since there are extremely high rates in traffic fatalities and domestic violence that have significant connections with the offenders using alcohol, I strongly oppose the legalized, self deteriorating drug, alcohol. Having traffic fatalities are sad and unfortunate situations, but having the accidents occur because a person is intoxicated by a legal drug is completely horrible and immoral to society. Nobody should be a victim to such a horrific situation, therefore I believe that making alcohol illegal would reduce the risk of harm upon the innocent American society. Fatalities and abuse are both major issues that affect society in whole, therefore, everyone should be aware of ...

Free Essays on The Millers Tale by Chaucer

How Does Chaucer Present The Characters Of Nicholas And Absolon? The Miller’s tale by Chaucer presents the reader who two characters, Nicholas and Absolon. It can be said that the pair are opposites of one another. It is also open to interpretation to who out of the pair is the ‘Courtly Lover’. Some may say that it is Nicholas and others Absolon. It can be said that this idea of the pair is not easy to understand and will be able to convey. The character of Nicholas is an important character in the tale. This is because the prologue presents the reader with the suggestion that the tale will reflect the Miller. The Miller is a drunk who loves to tell rude stories which draw people’s attention especially those of men. It can be said that Nicholas is in the forefront of this idea. The character of Nicholas is an extremely private man, â€Å"alone, withouten any compaigne†, as he lives alone in a rented bedroom. We can presume that he has a single bed as he has no company and that he and Alison don’t sleep together in this room. Another suggestion for Nicholas being a private and sly character is because the reader doesn’t receive any physical description of him. The reader finds out more information about Nicholas’ room then they do him. Some argue that Chaucer has done this deliberately to reinforce the idea that he is a private man. We never see Nicholas anywhere bar the Carpenterâ€⠄¢s house. He plays his music on his own, â€Å"So sweetly that all the chamber rong†, which is significant because it shows he is gifted and doesn’t want others to hear his gift. It can also be seen to be a way of wooing women as music is romantic. Furthermore Nicholas is a well educated man. He is very interested in astrology, â€Å"his astrelabie longinge for his art†; this is a subject which many at the time wouldn’t have understood. He has the ability to predict events, â€Å"to deman by interogacious†, especially the weather. Another ... Free Essays on The Miller's Tale by Chaucer Free Essays on The Miller's Tale by Chaucer How Does Chaucer Present The Characters Of Nicholas And Absolon? The Miller’s tale by Chaucer presents the reader who two characters, Nicholas and Absolon. It can be said that the pair are opposites of one another. It is also open to interpretation to who out of the pair is the ‘Courtly Lover’. Some may say that it is Nicholas and others Absolon. It can be said that this idea of the pair is not easy to understand and will be able to convey. The character of Nicholas is an important character in the tale. This is because the prologue presents the reader with the suggestion that the tale will reflect the Miller. The Miller is a drunk who loves to tell rude stories which draw people’s attention especially those of men. It can be said that Nicholas is in the forefront of this idea. The character of Nicholas is an extremely private man, â€Å"alone, withouten any compaigne†, as he lives alone in a rented bedroom. We can presume that he has a single bed as he has no company and that he and Alison don’t sleep together in this room. Another suggestion for Nicholas being a private and sly character is because the reader doesn’t receive any physical description of him. The reader finds out more information about Nicholas’ room then they do him. Some argue that Chaucer has done this deliberately to reinforce the idea that he is a private man. We never see Nicholas anywhere bar the Carpenterâ€⠄¢s house. He plays his music on his own, â€Å"So sweetly that all the chamber rong†, which is significant because it shows he is gifted and doesn’t want others to hear his gift. It can also be seen to be a way of wooing women as music is romantic. Furthermore Nicholas is a well educated man. He is very interested in astrology, â€Å"his astrelabie longinge for his art†; this is a subject which many at the time wouldn’t have understood. He has the ability to predict events, â€Å"to deman by interogacious†, especially the weather. Another ...

Andragogy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Andragogy - Research Paper Example The seven steps to creating a learning planning for adults is called the progress model which means that solving problems is the focus of how learning is accomplished. The following paper will examine the assumptions that define andragogy and the meaning behind them as they support adult learning and the differences between adult and child level learning capacities. The origins of andragogy can be traced back to a German educator in 1833 who used the term to define adult education from child education. Alexander Kapp created the term which specifically means man-leading, which is in contrast to the term pedagogy which means child-leading. In the 20th century American education theorists defined three different types of adult learning. The first is andragogy, the second is self directed learning, with the third being transformative. Andragogy is used as a description of adult learning as a concept in which the learner is motivated by a series of assumptions that end with the learner developing solution to problems in order to learn in the context that an adult learns best (Melik & Melik, 2010, p. 108). Defining andragogy is a bit difficult as it has been presented through a variety of different ideas and is therefore not quite a firm theory through which to filter ideas. Andragogy was originally presented with three assumptions. Some criticisms of the ideas behind andragogy is that it is focused on the individual and not a critical evaluation of the social perspective on adult learning. The concept of andragogy has been correctly criticized for not informing the social perspective, but Knowles suggests that it does not have to promote the social perspective in order to have value in developing a structure of ideas about adult learning. One of the main proponents of andragogy as a theory of learning for adults is Malcolm Knowles. Knowles introduced the idea in the 1970s in response to the fact that most theory on learning was focused on

The internationalization of Cambridge Satchel Company Essay

The internationalization of Cambridge Satchel Company - Essay Example The paper tells that the services and products of the business are designed so that they can easily be adaptable to different culture and languages. This is one potential strategy that is being utilized increasingly by organizations to increase profits margin, increase their market share, maximize their size, and become the industry leader. It is the core attribute to the ongoing strategy process of many business firms which determines the development that is going on and change in the international firm in terms of scope, values, business ideas, principles, action orientation, converging of norms and nature of work. All these aspects of the process of strategy are related to the international dimension and thus the firm becomes ‘Transnational’. In the global competition, it is crucial for the firm to be transnational and internationalization process mainly focuses on the individual firm’s development on its integration, gradual acquisition, and use of knowledge a bout foreign operations and markets. The decision of internationalization by a firm is specifically to acquire profits. The first internationalization of The Cambridge Satchel Company was the opening of the opening of the first physical store in New York at 31 James Street. The 3,239 sq ft opened on the 7th October 2014. Deane’s kids were her motivation to starting and internationalizing the business that she started with her mother in 2008 when she needed to raise adequate money to transfer her daughter who was eight by then away from bullies to a private school. All this was possible because Deane was a focused businesswoman. The Cambridge Satchel Company had just secured $21m of funding that came from Index Ventures, the venture capitalist that is backing the online fashion retailers Asos, Nasty Gay and Net-a-Porter as well as technology companies like Dropbox and SoundCloud. This was the first ever funding of the company and they had never taken on any debt either, althou gh she was tight-lipped regarding how much was bought by equity index. It was not easy to give away a portion of the company but after two years of careful thought. It took long for to convince herself that she could actually find somebody who could exactly be she felt was necessary for her brand.

The Virgin Mary painting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

The Virgin Mary painting - Essay Example The essay "The Virgin Mary painting" explores the importance of religion in Mexican art ad discovers The Virgin Mary painting. The Virgin Mary also has a very prominent position in the religious art of Mexico and this is mainly because of the fact that she is highly venerated in the country with many Mexicans considering her to be the mother of the entire nation. In addition, many Mexicans during their prayers seek the help of the Virgin Mary as they ask her to intercede to God and Jesus on their behalf and this has ensured that she has come to be revered by all the people in the nation. The prominence of the Virgin Mary in the national psyche has ensured that she is also given a prominent position in art, because Mexican artists, like all Mexican people, are very devoted to her. This has led to a situation where most of the art in the country has some religious aspect in one way or the other and this has ensured that the religious spirit of Mexican artwork has remained prevalent wit h little sign of its diminishing in the coming years. Religion has been a source of inspiration for Mexican art for many years and it is for this reason that a large number of art that it produced in this country, even that in the secular realm, has some aspect of religion within it. As has been mentioned above, Roman Catholicism is the most dominant religion within Mexico and this has been the case since the founding of the state after the Spanish conquest. However, it has been found that the Catholicism is highly syncretic.

No topic Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

No topic - Assignment Example t from the questions based only on ‘yes/no’ there would be questions asking for the personal view of employees in regard to a series of critical issues, such as the level of equality in the workplace, the fairness in compensation and so on (Macey et al. 2011); through such information, that could not be retrieved through other performance measurement tool, managers could have a clear view in regard to employee satisfaction and could suggest effective measures for improving retention. In order to be prepared for survey feedback meetings with managers OD practitioners should proceed to the following actions: a) they need to analyze the data gathered so that key findings are identified and appropriately evaluated; b) then, OD practitioners should search for plans for addressing existing organizational problems, as revealed through the survey feedback; c) OD practitioners should also decide on changes that would be required in regard to one or more organizational departments; the changes would be decided depending on the performance of each organizational department, the organizational objectives and the resources available (Sengupta et al. 2006). In Hallmark there is a series of seasonal components, as for example: a) Specific products are available for Holidays, such as: for Valentine’s Day, for the Passover, for Easter and so on, b) there are products related to Occasions, such as Wedding or Birthday; c) depending on the Recipient, products have been introduced for men, for women and for kids, d) there are products that reflect a specific psychological status/ feeling, such as Sympathy or Wishes for rapid recovery (Hallmark, Organizational

International Financial Market And Modern Capitalism Case Study - 1

International Financial Market And Modern Capitalism - Case Study Example The market has evolved to inject more liquidity in the global economy. In between certain developments have taken place but the evolution is still on. Many people argue that this kind of money helped in creating inflation in the economy. Today the major stock markets are the London Stock Exchange, NYSE Euronext, Hong Kong Stock Exchange, NASDAQ and Shanghai Stock exchange. The recent one is NYSE Euronext, headquartered in New York, was established on 4th April 2007 (NYSE, 2009). London Stock Exchange, being the oldest among these major stock exchanges, has a history of 300 years; though in 1801 it was formally formed under the name of London Stock Exchange. Starting its business in a coffee shop in London, now this exchange has its own TV studios for live financial broadcasts throughout the day. In October 2007 this exchange was merged with Borsa Italiana to emerge as Europe’s foremost exchange business, London Stock Exchange Group. The exchange is having the largest number of countries admitted to trade there, making it the most international among all the stock exchanges of the world (London Stock Exchange, 2009). The very first financial market evolved was Amsterdam stock exchange, in 1600. In 1602 the Dutch East India Company pioneered trading with issuing the first share on this exchange. Even in the 1960s, Amsterdam was the first mover to introduce currency swaps in financial markets. Then the 1970s came with the innovation of some new instruments. Floating rate instruments, trading of futures on foreign currency, interest rates and on stock market indices were introduced within this period. Whenever one instrument is introduced, the market remains mostly unregulated. After a certain time, regulatory constraints get introduced to make the market more regulated and more liquid. For an example when floating rate instruments came into the picture, it was the first instrument that was linked to a floating interest rate (LIBOR).

International business - ideas international Essay

International business - ideas international - Essay Example ver, Hindi is the main language in which most of the high budget films are getting introduced in the market, and Bollywood is the front face of the Indian film industry. The Bollywood has earned an international repute for its excellence in the field of film production. The liberalized foreign investment regime has given a tremendous opportunity to the foreign film makers. But, the foreign film production company should remember that the India is a very sensitive market as far as the films are concern. There are many religions, languages and rituals are practiced in India so, before making a film these points should be clarified as the films are one of the main mass Medias in India. The Film World is a private limited company. It was found in late seventies in Melbourne, Australia. It is having a vast experience in producing high quality films in the Australia and in the international market. The film world is one of the upcoming films production companies in the Australia. The company is packed with full of talented work force. It believes in producing quality work. It has many successful achievements throughout the journey for more than two decades. In the mid of eighties that is in 1985, the FilmWorld ventured into the film production and distribution in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The early ninety was a great time for the company as it was going through a tremendous success in the Australia and Malaysia. During the last few years the company is producing approximately four films in Australia and three films in Malaysia in a yearly basis. Due to the recent advancement, the company is looking for the opportunities in the Indian film market. India has the world’s biggest film industry in terms of number of movies produced in a year; it is almost eight hundred movies yearly. It works efficiently as one of the great sectors for the foreign investment. However, for any foreign investors the background check is very important and there lies the importance of the

No topic Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

No topic - Assignment Example t from the questions based only on ‘yes/no’ there would be questions asking for the personal view of employees in regard to a series of critical issues, such as the level of equality in the workplace, the fairness in compensation and so on (Macey et al. 2011); through such information, that could not be retrieved through other performance measurement tool, managers could have a clear view in regard to employee satisfaction and could suggest effective measures for improving retention. In order to be prepared for survey feedback meetings with managers OD practitioners should proceed to the following actions: a) they need to analyze the data gathered so that key findings are identified and appropriately evaluated; b) then, OD practitioners should search for plans for addressing existing organizational problems, as revealed through the survey feedback; c) OD practitioners should also decide on changes that would be required in regard to one or more organizational departments; the changes would be decided depending on the performance of each organizational department, the organizational objectives and the resources available (Sengupta et al. 2006). In Hallmark there is a series of seasonal components, as for example: a) Specific products are available for Holidays, such as: for Valentine’s Day, for the Passover, for Easter and so on, b) there are products related to Occasions, such as Wedding or Birthday; c) depending on the Recipient, products have been introduced for men, for women and for kids, d) there are products that reflect a specific psychological status/ feeling, such as Sympathy or Wishes for rapid recovery (Hallmark, Organizational

International business - ideas international Essay

International business - ideas international - Essay Example ver, Hindi is the main language in which most of the high budget films are getting introduced in the market, and Bollywood is the front face of the Indian film industry. The Bollywood has earned an international repute for its excellence in the field of film production. The liberalized foreign investment regime has given a tremendous opportunity to the foreign film makers. But, the foreign film production company should remember that the India is a very sensitive market as far as the films are concern. There are many religions, languages and rituals are practiced in India so, before making a film these points should be clarified as the films are one of the main mass Medias in India. The Film World is a private limited company. It was found in late seventies in Melbourne, Australia. It is having a vast experience in producing high quality films in the Australia and in the international market. The film world is one of the upcoming films production companies in the Australia. The company is packed with full of talented work force. It believes in producing quality work. It has many successful achievements throughout the journey for more than two decades. In the mid of eighties that is in 1985, the FilmWorld ventured into the film production and distribution in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The early ninety was a great time for the company as it was going through a tremendous success in the Australia and Malaysia. During the last few years the company is producing approximately four films in Australia and three films in Malaysia in a yearly basis. Due to the recent advancement, the company is looking for the opportunities in the Indian film market. India has the world’s biggest film industry in terms of number of movies produced in a year; it is almost eight hundred movies yearly. It works efficiently as one of the great sectors for the foreign investment. However, for any foreign investors the background check is very important and there lies the importance of the

Relativism and Morality Essay Example for Free

Relativism and Morality Essay There are moral choices made on a daily basis, no matter the culture or race, people make these types of choices. The moral choices we make based on our cultures can be viewed on a scale of right and wrong by other cultures. In the writing of â€Å"Some Moral Minima†, Lenn E. Goodman views several aspects of morality and relativism, and argues that certain things are just wrong. I must say that I agree with her when she says some things are just wrong, and in this paper I will state my opinions on some of the challenges Goodman presents to relativism. The first topic I am going to speak on is terrorism. In the article â€Å"Some Moral Minima,† Goodman asked the question why is terrorism wrong. Of course I think that terrorism is wrong. There are so many reasons that we the people that terrorism wrong and that it should be against the law. â€Å"Terrorism is willful targeting of non-combatants, aiming to intimidate and attract attention. It is a war crime, since war, if just at all, seeks only to block an enemy’s ability to make war. † (Goodman,2010) No one should be targeted because of a war that is happening, killing innocent people just because of their race, or because of their culture. According to Goodman, â€Å"Terrorism today is a manufactured claim to authority and authenticity, ethnic or regional autonomy, or the imposition of Shari ’ a law and haqq penalties on diverse and diversely inclined populations. † (Goodman,2010) Other than the topic I just finished discussing, Goodman also addressed more areas in her articles. Just to mention a few, she discussed, (1) hostage taking and child warriors, (2) Slavery, Polygamy, and Incest, (3) Rape and female genital cutting , and (4) genocide, politically induced famine, and germ warfare. These areas that she discussed are some major problems areas for many nations and cultures around the world. I am going to discuss these areas more in depth beginning with genocide, politically induced famine, and germ warfare. If you are like me I really did not know what the term genocides meant. I had to look up the word and came to the conclusion that genocides mean that violent crimes committed against groups with the intent to destroy the existence of the group. While discussing genocides, Goodman asked the question, â€Å"Why is genocide uglier than murder? † She also answered the question by saying that, â€Å"The answer lies in the intent, not just the scale of the crime. Clearly, more dreams are broken and more futures cut short when more lives are taken. But genocide targets individuals as members of a group, seeking to destroy a race, a culture, a linguistic or ethnic identity, even a class. † I agree with Goodman because I do not think it is up to us to determine whether a group or a specific individual should not be in existence. We do not have the right to kill people because of the group they belong to or because of their beliefs. I think we all were put on this earth for a purpose and a reason and it is not up to man to kill off the group members or destroy a race or culture. Even though it is happening around the world, I do not think that it should. That’s why I solely agree with Goodman on the things she said concerning this topic. Genocide, politically induced famine, and germ warfare are acts of murder and murder is wrong because it is the destroying of a human subject. A right that human beings have is to be alive and to live at our own free will. The next issue I am going to touch basis on is rape and female genital cutting. Rapes happen every day, not only are females but males are raped as well, but it happens more to the female population. Rape is a violation of another person’s will. A person does not have to be touched to be raped and there is more than one kind of rape. Even though I feel all cases of rape are bad, but in my opinion statutory rape is the worst. To harm a young person that has no power to stop their predator is just plain sad. Rape is wrong because it stands at the extreme limit of a continuum of sexual acts, from the most committed to the least so, and the most alienating. Rape is exploitative, objectifying, and, yes, again violative. (Goodman,2010) The last issue I am going to address is slavery, polygamy, and incest. Theses last acts are very bad and may be the worst in my book. Slavery is an issue that I really hate to discuss because as I have done plenty of research I would find myself in tears due to some of my findings. But slavery keeps its victim alive while stripping her of agency, assigning it to others who do not share her projects, hopes, or interests, but subordinate her capabilities to their wants. (Goodman,2010) I think beating people and discriminating against them because of the color of their skin is a very cruel act that should have never happened. Then there is polygamy. I do not like to talk about other cultures but I think polygamy is wrong as well. I think a marriage should have only two members and no more. Being married to more than one person should not be allowed no matter what culture you come from. The bible says that, â€Å"Whoso findeth a wife findeth a good thing† (Proverbs 18:22) not whoso findeth many wives or husbands. Again I say I do not think that polygamy should not be happening. In conclusion to this paper, I think that Lenn E. Goodman made some very good points in her article, â€Å"Some Moral Minima†. I can conclude this paper by saying that I agree with her opinions and I think that this article was very helpful. References Mosser, K. (2010). Introduction to ethics and social responsibility. San Diego, Bridgepoint Education, Inc. Goodman, L. E. (2010). Some moral minima. The Good Society, 19(1), 87-94. Retrieved from the EBSCO Host database in the Ashford Online Library Proverbs 18:22 King James Version.

NHS And Community Care Act

NHS And Community Care Act Community care essentially aims to provide individuals in need with social, medical and health support in their own homes, as far as possible, rather than in residential establishments or in long-stay institutions. The enactment of the NHS and Community Care Act in 1990 marked a watershed in the evolution of community care practice in the UK (Means, et al, 2002, p 71). Implemented after years of discussion on the social and financial viability of maintaining people in institutions and homes, the NHS and Community Care Act, initiated by Margaret Thatcher, showcased her desire to radically change the practice and delivery of social and health care in the UK (Means, et al, 2002, p 71). The years following the passing of the Act have witnessed significant developments in the practice and delivery of social work in the country. This short essay attempts to investigate the basic reasons for the enactment of the NHS and the Community Care Act, its basic ideology and thrust, and its impact on the social work sector of the country. The essay also studies the developments in social care that have occurred in the years following the act, with particular focus on direct payments for people with learning disabilities, social care provisions for carers and the contemporary emphasis on personalisation. NHS and Community Care Act 1990 Whilst the initiation of the policy of community care in the UK is by and large attributed to Margaret Thatchers conservative government, the concept of community care, even at that time, was not exactly new (Borzaga Defourny, 2001, p 43). The need for community care existed from the beginning of the 1950s. It aimed to provide a better and more cost effective way to help individuals with mental health concerns and physical disabilities by removing them from impersonal, old, and often harsh institutional environments, and taking care of them in their home environments (Borzaga Defourny, 2001, p 43). Although various governments, since the 1950s, supported the need to introduce community care and tried to bring in appropriate changes, lack of concrete action on the issue resulted in constant increase of the number of people in residential establishments and large institutions during the 1960s, 70s and 80s (Borzaga Defourny, 2001, p 43). With numerous negative stories coming out in the media on the difficult conditions in such establishments, Sir Roy Griffiths was invited by Margaret Thatcher to investigate the issue of community care for the residents of such establishments and make appropriate recommendations (Harris, 2002, p 11). The Griffiths, (1988), Report named Community Care: Agenda for Action, followed by the publication of a White Paper Caring for People: Community Care in the Next Decade and Beyond in 1989 led to the enactment of the NHS and Community Care Act 1990 (Cass, 2007, p 241). Apart from being a strong attempt to improve the lives of people in long term institutions and residential establishments, the law was also an outcome of the conservative governments desire to bring market reforms into the public sector and stimulate the private sector to enter the social services, as well as its conviction that competitive markets would be better able to provide more economic services than a bureaucratised public sector (Harris, 2009, p 3). With social services being among the highest revenue spending departments at the local authority level and domiciliary and residential services for older people consuming the bulk of social service funds, community care for older people presented an obvious area for introduction and implementation of market principles (Harris, 2009, p 3). The act split the role of local and health authorities by altering their internal structures, so that local authority departments were required to ascertain the needs of individuals and thereafter purchase required services from providers (Lewis, et al, 1994, p 28). Health organisations, in order to become providers of such services, became NHS trusts that competed with each other. The act also required local social service and health authorities to jointly agree to community care plans for the local implementation of individual care plans for long term and vulnerable psychiatric patients (Lewis, et al, 1994, p 28). The act has however come in for varying degrees of criticism from service users, observers and experts, with some observers claiming the altered care conditions to be unresponsive, inefficient and offering little choice or equity (Malin, et al, 2002, p 17). Other experts, who were not so pessimistic, stated that whilst the system was based upon an excellent idea, it was little better in practice than the previous systems of bureaucratic resource allocation and received little commitment from social services; the lead community care agency (Malin, et al, 2002, p 17). The commitment of local authorities was diluted by the service legacies of the past and vested professional interest, even as social services and health services workers were unable to work well together (Malin, et al, 2002, p 17). Little collaboration took place between social and health services and the impact of the reforms was undermined by chronic government underfunding. The voluntary sector became the main benefici ary of this thrust for the development of a mixed economy of care (Malin, et al, 2002, p 17). Developments after the Enactment of the NHS and Community Care Act The assumption of government by the labour party in 1997 resulted in the progressive adoption of numerous forward looking policies in various areas of social care. The publication of a white paper in 1998 reinforced the governments commitment to promotion of community based care and peoples independence (Means, et al, 2002, p 79). The paper focused on assisting people to achieve and maintain independence through prevention and rehabilitation strategies, with specific grants being introduced to facilitate their implementation. The Health Act of 1999 removed obstacles to the joint working of health and social services departments through provisions for pooling of budgets and merging of services (Means, et al, 2002, p 79). The formulation of the NHS plan aimed to improve partnership between health and social care, the development of intermediate care and the construction of capacity for care through cash for change grants for development of capacity across social and health care systems (Means, et al, 2002, p 79). Direct Payments for Individuals with Learning Disabilities The Community Care (Direct Payments) Act 1996, which came into operation in April 1997, marked a radical change in the provision of community care for people with disabilities, including those with learning difficulties (Tucker, et al, 2008, p 210). It was illegal, prior to the implementation of the act, for local authorities to support people with disabilities by making cash payments in lieu of providing community care services. Policymakers however realised that many local authorities were successfully supporting independent living schemes, centres for independent living and personal assistance schemes (Tucker, et al, 2008, p 210). Such schemes handled community care payments for disabled people and provided them with help to organise assistance or support. The Community Care (Direct Payments) Act built on this situation, allowing direct payments to be made to replace care services, which otherwise would be given by social service departments (Tucker, et al, 2008, p 210). Direct payments provide flexibility in the way services are provided to eligible people. The giving of money, in lieu of social care services, helps people to achieve greater control and choice over their lives and enables them to decide on the time and mode of delivery of services (Tucker, et al, 2008, p 210). Direct payments can not only be used for services to satisfy the needs of children or their families but also enables carers to purchase the services they need to sustain them in their roles. Research conducted in 1997 in the utilisation of direct payments by people with learning difficulties revealed that whilst utilisation of direct payments by people with learning disabilities was increasing, such utilisation was low among women and individuals from minority or black ethnic groups (Tucker, et al, 2008, p 210). Research also revealed the presence of wide differences in the interpretation of the capacity of persons for consenting to direct payments by local authorities. Whils t some local authorities felt that direct payments could be sanctioned to all persons with learning difficulties who were able, with assistance, to successfully control and use direct payments, other authorities did not heed the fact that such people could indeed be assisted to communicate decisions and consequently assumed their inability to consent to direct payments. Such interpretations, it was felt, could debar many people in need from obtaining the facility for direct payments (Tucker, et al, 2008, p 211). Assistance for Carers Recent years have seen a number of social care initiatives for easing the condition of carers. Carers are people who provide assistance and support, without payment, to family members or friends, who are unable to manage without such assistance, on account of illness, frailty or disability (Government Equalities Office, 2010, p 1). Carers can include adults who care for other adults, parents who care for disabled or ill children, or young people who care for other family members. The governments social care policies for carers include supporting people with caring responsibilities for (a) identifying themselves at early stages, (b) recognising the worth of their contribution, and (c) involving them from the beginning in designing and planning individual care (Government Equalities Office, 2010, p 1). Such policies aim to enable carers to (a) satisfy their educational needs and employment potential, and (b) provide personalised support, both for carers and the people they support, to enjoy family and community life and remain physically and mentally well. Whilst the NHS and community care Act 1990 looked at carers as valued resources because of their ability to provide support, it did not refer to their rights; relying instead on rhetoric to deliver the message of their value to society (Government Equalities Office, 2010, p 2). Succeeding years have however witnessed greater focus on the needs of carers and to progressive introduction of suitable laws and appropriate policies. The passing of the Carers (Recognition and Services) Act 1995 drew attention to the needs of carers. This was followed by the passing of the Carers and Disabled Children Act 2000 and the Carers (Equal Opportunities) Act 2004 (Government Equalities Office, 2010, p 2). These acts entitle carers for (a) assess ment of their needs, (b) services in their own right and support in accessing education training, employment and leisure opportunities. The proposed equality bill introduces four new opportunities for carers. It (a) requires public authorities to give due consideration to socio-economic disadvantages, whilst exercising strategic planning functions, (b) takes account of associative discrimination with regard to disabled people, (c) provides for prevention of indirect discrimination, and (d) calls upon public bodies to ensure that their policies are designed to eliminate harassment and discrimination and further equality of opportunity (Government Equalities Office, 2010, p 2). Personalisation The concept of personalisation in social care, whilst discussed for some years, was formally inducted into social care practice in the UK with the publication of Putting People First in 2007. The concordat outlined the concept of a personalised adult social care system, where individuals will have extensive control and choice over the services received by them. The government committed that social services would progressively be tailored to meet the preferences of citizens, with person centred planning along with self directed support becoming mainstream activities, assisted by personal budgets for maximising control and choice (Aldred, 2008, p 31). Whilst personal budgets and direct payments form an important aspect of personalisation, the idea concerns fitting services to the needs of people, focusing on outcomes, and recognising the worth of the opinions of service users assessing their own needs, planning their service, and producing their outcomes (Aldred, 2008, p 31). Conclusions and the Way Forward This essay investigates the reasons behind the enactment of the NHS and the Community Care Act and studies the developments in social care that have occurred in the years following the act, especially in areas of direct payments for people with learning disabilities, social care for carers and personalisation. It is obvious from the results of the study that social care in the UK has experienced significant change and metamorphosis since the enactment of the 1990 act. Whilst significant progress has been made a consensus s growing that the British social care system is facing a crisis because of drivers like increasing demographic pressures, alterations in family and social structures, rising public expectations, increasing desire for greater choice and control, and eligibility for services (Glasby, et al, 2010, p 11). The need to move people out of local accommodation because of rising rents exemplifies the challenges faced by the social care system. With the financial system becoming more challenging, the social care system will have to find ways of improving efficiencies without diluting the quality of care (Glasby, et al, 2010, p 11). The next round of social reforms, whilst attempting to achieve better delivery efficiencies will have to renew its commitment to satisfying social expectations and basic human rights, reducing costs, preventing future needs, helping people to regain independence, freeing individuals to contribute, and supporting carers to care and contribute to society (Glasby, et al, 2010, p 11).

Missing Children Essay -- Law, Adam Walsh

The case of six-year old Adam Walsh is perhaps one that will never leave the minds of anyone initially horrified by its details. In 1981 young Adam was kidnapped from a local mall and regardless of tireless efforts by his parents John and Reve Walsh, volunteers, and law enforcement; Adam fell victim to murder. Two weeks after the boy went missing, his decapitated head was located, but his body was never found. This prompted his father John Walsh to start a campaign and legislature policy submission toward more stringent accountability for child crime offenders. â€Å"The murder transformed John Walsh's life, turning him from a middle-class hotel marketing executive into one of country's best known advocates for missing children† (Thomas, 2008). In this paper, the initial legislative policy signed into law by President George W. Bush and the current policy addition initiative sought by Mr. Walsh is examined. The Scope of the Initiative With the signing of the initial policy by President Bush in 2006, the Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act became law. Aforementioned, the policy directive was to enact tougher laws on child predators however; the policy contains two additional provisions that would violate states rights and state policy’s currently in place for adoptive, foster, and relative caregivers. The two provisions contained in the Adam Walsh law are to follow. 1. Modified existing requirements for conducting criminal background checks 2. Created a new requirement to conduct child abuse registry checks of prospective foster and adoptive parents. (Miller, 2007). The policy provisions left the states the discretion of choosing placement however, if those in the household filing for adoption or fostering o... ...l, such as in Morse’s report cited, now have the opportunity to voice concerns and suggestions. Conclusion The Adam Walsh Act while regulatory and legislative, still requires changes before all parties affected stand united in approval. Whereas Congress could use its spending power to encourage state compliance, not all states would view this as constitutional. There is much to do concerning this act, but the outcome is unpredictable. Current filings to repeal or revise the entire Adam Walsh Act exist such as by Citizens for Change in America, represented by Michael R. Handler. The repeal document cites the AWA as being draconian and going against Due Process and the Bail Reform Act of 1984. Only time will prove the Adam Walsh Act is successful as currently written, but undoubtedly there are changes to come with such opposition and reasoning.

Compare and contrast the variety of attitudes to marriage as expressed

Compare and contrast the variety of attitudes to marriage as expressed by different characters in Pride and Prejudice. Pride and Prejudice is one of the most famous novels in the history of English Literature. Written in the year of 1813 by the very well known author, Jane Austen, whose novels all examine the nature of love. The general tone of the novel is light, but serious. Pride and Prejudice is a story that focuses on the life of marriage, it is full of love. Money and wealth is also a main aspect of the book. Marriage in Pride and Prejudice is acknowledged in that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife. The first sentence of Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice could not have better prepared the reader for the rest of the novel. The thread that sews together the lives of all the characters in the novel is the establishment of marriage. Jane Austen uses the Bennet family of Longbourn to illustrate the good and bad reasons behind marriage. Mrs. Bennet is an irritating woman whose main goal in life is to get her five daughters married. It might be correct in assuming that she felt social and financial pressure to do so. Her husband's estate was entailed to his nephew, Mr. Collins, when Mr. Bennet was to pass away. Therefore, Mrs. Bennet wanted her daughters to have financial stability elsewhere in case of their father's death. In the time period of this story there was very little social acceptance of women who were single their whole lives. For the most part, women could not acquire money on their own without inheriting or marrying into good fortune. Women who could not find a husband were often referred to as â€Å"old maids† and lived their whole lives with their p... ...daughters were pleasant and appear to be ideal. Jane had longed for Mr. Bingley for quite a while. Bingley was handsome, rich, kind, and well liked. He and Jane shared many conversations and had complimentary personalities. They were pleasantly matched and I believe that they shared a happy life together. Elizabeth (the main character in the novel) and Darcy's marriage was an excellent match. Though she thought him a cold, aloof snobbish man at first, this soon evolved into something else, it was love. They were equal in intellect, had physical attraction and deep love for one another, financial security, romance, and companionship. They are the two I believe would be most happy in life. Jane Austen wanted the reader to know that marriage should be approached as a package deal - a package of love, financial stability, physical attraction, and happiness.

They Poured Fire on Us from the Sky

About the Book Benjamin, Alepho, and Benson were raised among the Dinka tribe of Sudan. Theirs was an insulated, close-knit world of grass-roofed cottages, cattle herders, and tribal councils. The lions and pythons that prowled beyond the village fences were the greatest threat they knew. All that changed the night the government-armed Murahiliin began attacking their villages. Amid the chaos, screams, conflagration, and gunfire, five-year-old Benson and seven-year-old Benjamin fled into the dark night. Two years later, Alepho, age seven, was forced to do the same.Between 1987 and 1989, thousands of other young Sudanese boys did likewise, joining this stream of child refugees that became known as the Lost Boys. Their journey would take them over one thousand miles across a war-ravaged country, through landmine-sown paths, crocodile-infested waters, and grotesque extremes of hunger, thirst, and disease. The refugee camps they eventually filtered through offered little respite from the brutality they were fleeing. In They Poured Fire on Us From the Sky, Benson, Alepho, and Benjamin, by turn, recount their experiences along this unthinkable journey.This is a captivating memoir of Sudan and a powerful portrait of war as seen through the eyes of children. And it is, in the end, an inspiring and unforgettable tale of three young boys who, cast against all elements, had the will, the tenacity, and the very good luck to survive. TEACHING AND READING GUIDE In the Classroom This disarmingly intimate memoir delves beyond headlines to bring readers deep into the heart of the Sudanese conflict – and into the flight of three children determined to escape it. It deciphers Sudan’s struggle from the inside. Who is fighting it? Why?Who are the victims? How did these boys survive without food, without family, for so long? At the same time, the journey of Benson, Alephonsion, and Benjamin over these many years and these thousand miles reveals how small minds comprehe nd and process the violence of war. Their story also begs the question: Can and should the international community intervene? What can be done? Pre-Reading Activity Have students bring in recent news articles and clippings regarding developments in Sudan. Try to piece together the conflict from these accounts and clippings. Discuss the history of Sudan’s war.How do the students feel about the conflict? What do they think it is like to grow up during wartime? You may also invite them to bring in articles regarding intervention or immigration. Do they think intervention important? How do they feel about refugees, like the Lost Boys, seeking asylum in this country? USING THIS GUIDE To the Teacher: Reading and Understanding the Story examines the reader’s comprehension and retention of the book itself, and of the war as Benson, Alepho, and Benjamin relate it. Students should refer to the narrative to answer these questions.Themes and Context encourages students to use the book as a lens into larger ideas, events, and issues. These questions encourage students to think freely and independently on the war in Sudan and the broader moral and political debates stemming from it. Teaching Ideas offers course-specific projects, essays, and discussion questions for classes: English/Language Arts, Geography, History, Science, and Social Studies. READING AND UNDERSTANDING THE STORY Definitions Ask students to define the following terms with reference to the book: Dinka; SPLA; refugee; jihad; genocide; murahiliin; UNHCR. ComprehensionLook at a map of Africa. Locate Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan, Kenya. Identify the Nile River. Find Sudan’s capital city, Khartoum. Try to locate Bhar al Ghazal (the region where the Dinka live). Before this phase of the Sudanese war, a treaty had brokered peace between northern and southern Sudan. What was the name of this treaty? (See Judy Bernstein’s introduction. ) Describe the landscape in which the authors grew up. What was their village life like? Benson recalls first learning of the war around village fires. What does he learn from the tribe elders? For much of his journey, Benson wears red shorts.Where did he get these? They are almost ruined one night. What happens to them? Why does he treasure these shorts so much? Along their journey, Benson, Benjamin, and Alepho meet many kind family and friends. Who is Monyde? Who is Yier? Why are they important in this story? Despite their clear desperation and young age, time and again the boys find villages turning them away, denying them food, and directing them back into enemy hands. Why do the villages do this? Yier recalls the government storming Wau Wau University. â€Å"We were led to the dorms and questioned: Do you know the leader of the rebels, ______? What was the name of this leader? As the refugee camp takes shape at Panyido, the UN begins sending food relief. What do they send? How does this diet differ from the usual Dinka diet? What are some of its mis-intended consequences? (see p. 92) Benson writes â€Å"I have many bad memories that I will never erase from my brain† but of these, the flight from Panyido stands out. Why were the Sudanese forced to leave Panyido (Ethiopia)? The refugees had only one means back into Sudan. What was it? What were the perils of this flight? Who was Mr. Hyena? Why did the refugees call him that?Name two positive aspects of Kakuma life for the Lost Boys. Name two negative aspects of it. At Kakuma, refugees receive food in the form of grain rations. Though the rations are small, many still end up selling some portion of these at the market. Why do they do this? What are the consequences when the camp learns of this underground grain market? The journey through the refugee camps and finally, to America introduces the Lost Boys to a new language (words like â€Å"dessert† and â€Å"because†), a new culture, and many new things. Recall two episodes where the authors en counter new objects or concepts.Describe their initial reaction in each instance. BROADER THEMES AND QUESTIONS FAMILY AND FRIENDSHIP. Robert E. Lee once said â€Å"What a cruel thing is war†¦ to fill our hearts with hatred instead of love for our neighbors. † After reading this book, do you think this is always the case? How does war impact families? How does it shape friendships? What qualities does it bring out in people throughout the story? RITES AND INITIATIONS. â€Å"My mother wore the radiating scarification mark on her forehead as a sign of her bravery† remembers Benson. Rites and initiations are important aspects of the Dinka culture.Explain two different cultural initiations common to the Dinka. What is the role of such rites in a culture? Do you know of any such rites, initiations, and/or identifying marks in your own family or culture? GROWING UP. Though torn from their homes and their families, the Lost Boys were still very much children. From their e arly childhood in the village to their adolescence in the refugee camps, we watch them grow up in this story. Can you relate to any of their experiences growing up? What about the games they play? How do they view and interact with the opposite sex? How do their views of education relate to your own?How do their perceptions of adults and authority figures change through the story? THE â€Å"OTHER†. Benson’s father attempts to describe the enemy to his children. He explains: â€Å"The government troops are Arabs and call themselves Muslims. The Arabs wear a long white dress with a large handkerchief tied on their ears†¦They speak a strange language that we cannot understand. † But when he continues he says: â€Å"You must beware. Some of the Muslims are traitors from Dinka tribes; they speak the way we do. † Imagine Benson’s confusion. Are friends and allies easily distinguished in war?Consider how we try to describe and define people â€Å"ot her† than our peers and ourselves. Do physical traits define who we are and who we are not? Link this idea to recent other conflicts and wars: Rwanda; Vietnam; the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. LIFE AS A REFUGEE. Kakuma Refugee Camp in Kenya is the light at the end of a long and dark journey for the Lost Boys. They risk everything and endure unspeakable pain, hunger and thirst, just to enter the camp. Yet the camp presents them with its own menaces and challenges. After several years in the camp Benson decides he hates it than â€Å"more than anyplace. What makes him say is this? How do the Kenyans and the camp administrators treat the refugees? What is life like as a refugee? SPIN. Joseph Goebbels, the Propaganda Minister in Nazi Germany, once declared: â€Å"We have made the Reich by propaganda. † Throughout They Poured Fire on Us from the Sky, we see government and rebel forces alike manipulating facts and media to their own ends. Consider the role of propaganda in the book. How and why do you think leaders use propaganda? What is its purpose? What is its impact? Have you ever heard of or encountered propaganda in your own media? What about in the government?GEOGRAPHY AND CULTURE. When the Sudanese government institutes Sharia law over all of Sudan, the Dinka tribes grow angry. Benson recalls the village elders complaining: â€Å"We have too much to do with our cattle, our plantations and hunting†¦. † What is Sharia Law? What are some of the reasons the southerners resist it? What role do you think physical and geographic constraints play in determining the ideals and traditions of a community? TEACHING IDEAS English/Language Arts Ask students if they know of any immigrants, in their family or community, who came to the US from another country?Have them interview these individuals about their journey and present that person’s story to the class. Allow students to decide the medium for their presentation. For example, they ca n create a video-audio montage, enact it before the class, or rewrite that person’s story as a first-person narrative. Immigration and interventionism make major news headlines these days. Have students select one of these issues and research both sides of the debate. Then have them select a position, write a position statement on the issue, and then team up to â€Å"debate† the issue in class. Have students create a Kakuma Camp newspaper.Possible sections could include: Arts and Leisure, Sports, International News, Op-Eds, Marketplace (which could include articles on food rations or the state of trading in the Kenyan marketplace). Geography Make a map of Sudan. Have students chart out the major cities, rivers, mountains, and deserts. Have them demarcate the northern/southern divide and indicate the primary religion, resources, and activities of each region. â€Å"Piecing together Africa†. As the boys recall the landscapes they cross in they journey, they reveal Africa to be a land of rich and varied terrain – far more so than American students sometimes think.Create a large outline map of Africa. Cut out the countries and divide these among the students. After researching their country(s), students should report back with their cutout clearly indicating the major physical and geographic traits of that area. Now reassemble the map (preferably on a large surface). Have the students examine the reassembled map and try to understand the great geographic differences and divides of this continent. The southern tribes resist Sharia Law because, in part, as farmers and cattle-herders: â€Å"We don’t have time to pray five times a day. Have students research Islamic countries and report back on the major geographic features of these countries. What are the major resources, commodities, and products of these nations? Does physical geography correlate to cultural geography? Ask them what role they think geography played in shaping tra its of their own communities. History Colonization, violence, and civil war represent only a part of Sudan’s history. Create a Sudanese cultural timeline around the classroom. Assign students to specific periods in Sudanese history and ask them to research major events and cultural elements in that era.Have them create posters and/or dioramas replete with images and any objects they might find that illuminate their portion of the Sudanese timeline. History is always being created, and sometimes revised, by its sources. In August of 2005, John Garang died in a plane crash in Sudan. Have students locate accounts of this plane crash. Be sure they consult a variety of news media publications: left, right, American, British, African, Sudanese. Have them read the different accounts out loud to the class. Do these vary at all in facts or in tone? Discuss the importance of noting, and cross-referencing, sources in historical research.Science â€Å"We were all heads and hipbones. â⠂¬  Along the journey, the boys describe unimaginable hunger, such that they become like â€Å"stoneheads† teetering along. Investigate the impact of hunger on the human body. What are the caloric needs of the body? How does hunger impact body functions? How does it affect mental capacity? Have students consider their own diets and create caloric scales. Balance their daily intake of calories versus those the boys received (through their rations) at Kakuma. Have students identify the major illnesses and diseases that appear in this story (e. g. ehydration, snake bite, yellow fever, dysentery). Have them create a medical chart of these diseases. What are the causes? What are the symptoms? What is the treatment? Social Studies The UN is a large and complex organization. Have the students research and create an organizational chart of the UN system. How is it organized? How is it governed? How is funded? Where do groups like the UNHRC fit in this scheme? How are such subsidiary bodies programs administered, funded, and maintained? Have students read the UN Convention on the Crime of Genocide. What organizations report on instances of genocide today?Find examples of such reports in recent times. Distribute a template to the students and have them complete a rights report on one of these recent crises. Though governments, and economists, dislike them, underground economies can be necessities – at least to the producers and consumers within them. Why do the Kakuma refugees sell some of their precious rations? Why does the UN consider this wrong? Have students consider the case of Kakuma trading and set up a mock trial/debate that argues the social and economic consequences of such markets within aid-dependent economies.

Organization Behavior Concepts on the US Army Essay

Many organizations today offer unique perspectives into the possibilities for organizational structure, culture and behavior. Given the United States’ system of government and inherent freedoms, these areas are not often easily controlled or mandated. Corporations tend to impart a â€Å"feel-good† attitude were employees are asked to be nice to one another and the hierarchy seeks to keep a stable, friendly atmosphere. Promotions are based on performance evaluations, sometimes aligned with the contents of a grievance folder. If any grievances have been filed against an individual, these items are considered during the promotion process, but the contents are not standardized typically. The US Army handles this entire environment differently. Personnel voluntarily sign up with the organization, but are there after held to a strict moral code for three to eight years. The US Army has created a model of organizational structure, which gives them direct control over its anticipated culture and behavior. Reprimands are swift and complete. This paper will consider the many aspects of US Army organization and the impacts this has on three Main Organizational Behavior concepts as presented in the 2005 Robbins text: Organizational Structure, Organizational Culture and Group Behavior, suggesting the US Army has created an efficient and proscriptive model. The Viet Nam war caused many changes within the US Army. The conflicts and reprimands of soldiers from civilian and military personnel increased because of this Conflict. Theft and dishonesty grew from the distinct depression of morale in soldiers, causing a ripple effect of poor behavior. The US Army formed a committee to address the issue, which met at Fort Ord in California. Organizational Effectiveness grew from this time, giving the Army its own program to change the behaviors and attitudes of it members. â€Å"The Merit Reward System evolved from this project. Trainees and cadre members were rewarded for behavior that was clearly related to high performance and to high morale,† (Deaner, 1991, p. 13). This particular aspect of the former system lives on as a mainstay in US Army culture. In offering a payment for soldier behavior as well as performance, the US Army sets itself apart from the usual difficulties of control. Soldiers are beholden to its employers for the length of their contract, defunct behavior landing them in an â€Å"employee jail† or the brig. But, this overall control also allows the US Army to solely promote from within, reward through medals and advancement, and to offer prime employment locations through station selection. This reward structure is not available to other organizations, setting the US Army apart in its control of Organizational Structure and Culture, as well Group Behavior. The US Army no longer uses Organizational Effectiveness program. Its failing has been labeled as self-inflicted† by Deaner (1991, p. 18) although it is still used by outside organizations today. The basic principles as tested in the former system have evolved into a much more efficient and serviceable behavior model. Leadership remains the focal point in controlling the atmosphere in any organization. â€Å"In choosing the most appropriate procedures for developing leaders, an organization must first determine what leadership precisely entails,† (Campbell & Dardis, 2004, p. 27). The US Army has developed a definitive set of cultural guidelines for its organization. Leaders are expected to possess certain qualities, which will not only allow them the capacity to perform, but also to guide and influence others to do the right thing. In maintaining this strict code of ethics through promotion and contractual continuation, the US Army offers a unique perspective on Group Behavior, Organizational Structure and Culture. This format has been aligned into what is known as the â€Å"Be, Know, Do† model. Shaped and modeled by actual experience in developing officers and non-commissioned officers in the different branches of the U. S. Army, various drafts and versions of the BKD model have influenced Army leadership doctrine for over 50 years. Thus, the Army’s long-term continuing reliance on the model offers strong evidence of its robustness,† (Campbell & Dardis, 2004, p. 27). This model offers a construct for the entire premise behind the core value system imbedded within the structure of the US Army. Group behavior is aligned through a definitive chain of expectation prior to advancement to higher paying status. Cadence to control stepping in the same foothold, formations to align each body within the group, uniform control: all of these contribute to the maintenance of group behavior, offering individuals the chance to see themselves as a working part of a group. â€Å"Now a typical American soldier has a high school diploma, and many are college-educated. More than 50 percent of the military service members are married, and many have children attending the US Department of Defense dependent school system,† (Macdonald & Myers, 2005, p. 18). This distinct change in personnel adds to the efficiency of the US Army machine. Increasingly educated, ethics are becoming a fundamental staple in US Army culture. Although there are obvious inconsistencies (as with the Iraqi Prisoner of War scandal), the US Army still emerges as a leader in influencing the moral and ethical decisions its employees make. The most obvious difference between the US Army culture and that of typical business organizations comes from the complete sense of community created. â€Å"Like all civilian cities or counties, on-base military neighborhoods have key stakeholders that contribute to the growth of the entire community,† (MacDonald & Myers, 2005, p. 1). Where the typical corporation has employees living anywhere they chose, many US Army employees live either on base, or very near by. This close proximity offers the employees a direct influence on their environment and living arrangements. The spouses of employed personnel are involved in the â€Å"company† as it were. Complete communities are created to draw the family units of personnel into the mix, offering shopping centers, gas stations, libraries, schools, hospitals and even its own selections of medical personnel. Every aspect of life is shared and standardized. Cookie-cutter style housing offers levels of improvement within the ranking status. Similar-ranked people are afforded duplicate housing, often times on the same street or area of the base. High-ranking officials live in homes of higher value, yet still grouped in the same area of the base. This allows the employees a chance to solidify their performance and solidify the cohesiveness of the group. If an employee wants the better housing, salary and playground, he or she must gain education, perform admirably and meet specified standards in performance. The rewards are visibly set before the individual to further entice coherence and unity. A study performed by Pascale, Millemann and Goija considered the cultural differences in Sears, Shell and the US Army searching for key identifiers in how the culture of these organizations are affected by the employees in terms of culture within the companies. They concluded â€Å"power, identity, conflict and learning† were the base elements in these organizations (Pascale, Millemann & Goija, 1997, p. 129). Nowhere is the transformational power of re-socialization more evident than at three highly unusual U.  S. Army training centers-at Fort Irwin, California; Fort Polk, Louisiana; and Hoenfelds, Germany. In fact, the training is sufficiently remarkable to have been studied by the chief education officers at Shell, Sears, Motorola, and GE, and by senior delegations from every country in Western Europe, Russia, and most nations of Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East. † (Pascale, Millemann & Goija, 1997, p. 134) The US Army has proven itself a leader in the creation of group behavior inline with the culture mandated by the organization. The interest of some many other countries indicates the US Army is an innovator in terms of structure and culture when sending troops and families off to become a part of another base. The culture remains under the same umbrella, allowing each a smooth transition despite the massive size of the organization. The very nature of military structure is unified in many countries. Soldiers are most often located in a central area, with families supported directly from the pay of the soldiers in question. In maintaining the group atmosphere of the military units, the governments expect, and often see a solidified goal structure. Group effectiveness is the extent to which explicit groups goals, that are assigned by the organization, are achieved. The successful attainment of such goals includes both the quality of group outputs as well as their timeliness,† (Langfred, 2000, p. 569). Although Langfred did an empirical study of the Danish Army to prove his theories of unit cohesion, the structure of the tests directly applies to the US Army as well. Cohesiveness in terms of group goals and communications were paramount in forming the cohesive units required for standardization. The US Army, however, is a leader in community structure in that the support often far-outreaches the constructs of similar organizations. The uniformity is across the board in terms of family support, job description, promotional evaluations and ethical standards. The beginnings of the US Army are directly connected to its cohesiveness of today. Originally designed as a conscription service where legions were formed by required participation of any and all applicable men, the organization itself has transformed into a voluntary unit of men and women. Originally devised from people of all age, economic and social stratus, anyone can now enlist provided they have at least a General Education Diploma (GED). The elitist nature from the past of the upper echelon serving as officers, and their subsequent promotions based on time-in-service over actual performance has changed drastically. According to an article written by Andrew Birtle, the change took a long time, but now allows anyone proving their worth and moral code can advance. Socio-economic status no longer remains as a qualifier for promotion or advancement. Although not a perfect system by any means, nepotism being obvious in some lines of service, the US Army provides a distinct design for the creation of cohesiveness and unification across behavior and cultural lines of organization (2003). The US Army has taken the advantages and cultural mores within its organization and applied them to harmony among all lines, to include race relations. â€Å"The Army has no peer in its broad record of promotions of blacks to positions of influence,† (Racial Integration, 2001, p. 35). Although not perfect by any means, the US Army still maintains this distinct line of communication and promotion for all its soldiers. Within each unit, the Army maintains an Equal Opportunity Officer who will listen and record any and all forms of complaint due to discrimination, sexual, racial, or other. All complaints are written down and added to applicable personnel files following a thorough investigation. At each promotional stage in the soldiers career, these files are considered, thus offering a distinct incentive to avoid disharmony or bigoted hate. â€Å"The Army is probably the only important institution in the U.  S. where whites don’t get promoted if they show racist behavior,† (Racial Integration, 2001, p. 35). In conclusion, the US Army offers a unique environment controlling and influencing the Organizational Culture and Group Behavior through its differentiated Organizational Structure. In maintaining a similar environment for soldiers and their families, the US Army homogenizes the livelihood of its employees through unification across the board. The promotional structure offered directly entices soldiers to conform in order to gain a better life and environment for themselves and their families. Although not easily duplicated in the business world, many companies have studied the US Army for innovative approaches to standardizing their own commercial culture. â€Å"The first step toward restoring organizational vitality is to engage every employee in the company’s principal challenges,† (Pascale, Millemann & Gioja, 1997, p. 131). The model used by the US Army controls the majority of situations within its construct and if studied further would offer commercial enterprises a blueprint applicable to other avenues of business organizations and their organizational behavior models. The unique Organizational Structure of the US Army dictates not only the Organizational Culture and Group Behavior; it also influences the Decision Making process, Motivation, Communication, Power and Politics, Human Resource Management and Change Management inherent in any large organization. The unique structure considers each of these aspects of organizational behavior and builds a concise view and standard operating procedures to control and maintain its vision of it future and mission. Although this paper looked at only three aspects, the US Army offers a distinctive model for any Organizational Behavior study.